Role of myofibers, perimysium and adipocytes in horse meat toughness

Horse meat is a good source of iron with low cholesterol but consumers consider tenderness most important when purchasing meat. Myofibers and intramuscular connective tissue, the main structural components of muscle, play major roles in meat toughness. The effects of myofibers and perimysium characteristics on Warner-Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF) values of horse semimembranosus were investigated on muscles previously assessed as tough (mean WBSF 68.87 ± 3.21 N, n = 8) or tender (mean WBSF 46.21 ± 2.27 N, n = 8). Mean Type IIA myofiber diameter was significantly greater in tender than in tough muscles. Secondary thick perimysium was thicker and collagen fibers more loosely arranged in tender muscles than in tough. A negative correlation was observed between WBSF values and perimysium thickness and a trend between WBSF and intramuscular fat. Adipocytes in perimysium of tender muscles may have contributed to thickening of perimysium and loosened collagen fibers thus contributing to tenderness of the meat.