Analysis of two-dimensional coupling efficiency for rear-facet emission in compact light emitting device packaging

We exploited the coupling efficiency between a rear-facet emission of a light emitting device and a monitoring photo detector (mPD) in a transistor-outlined (TO) package. By considering the far-field angles of the back illuminating light and the detector area, we could achieve two-dimensional tolerance of the coupling efficiency in the compact microelectronic package under mechanical limitation.