The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a chronic, inflammatory joint disease in the world. In India more than 20% of total population is suffering from arthritis, although the main cause of disease is unknown, morphological changes observed in OA include cartilage erosion as well as inflammation. Complex network of risk factors and biochemical parameters, including cytokines, proteolytic enzymes trigger the disease, by knowing the exact mechanism of progressive of disease, it may help in finding the new drug for reducing pain and curing of the joint disease. In the present review, we described the most important risk factors and morphological changes in the cartilage and bone during the development of OA.