Drinking Water Temperature Modelling in Domestic Systems

Domestic water supply systems are the final stage of the transport process to deliver potable water to the customers’ tap. Under the influence of temperature, residence time and pipe materials the drinking water quality can change while the water passes the domestic drinking water system. According to the Dutch Drinking Water Act the drinking water temperature may not exceed the 25 °C threshold at point-of-use level. This paper provides a mathematical approach to model the heating of drinking water within the domestic water supply system. It appears that residence time influences the drinking water temperature more than the ambient temperature itself.