Acute bacterial endophthalmitis following intravitreal dexamethasone implant: A case report and review of literature

Endophthalmitis following intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant has been rarely reported. This report describes the case of a 70-year-old male who underwent intravitreal DEX implant injection under aseptic conditions, for diabetic macular edema. He developed a clinical picture suggestive of endophthalmitis within 2 weeks of the injection, and vitreous culture grew coagulase negative Staphylococcus. He was treated with intravitreal antibiotics followed by pars plana vitrectomy and removal of the implant. This was followed by resolution of the infection with a favorable final visual outcome. The challenges faced during surgical management of this case are discussed.