Decision Support for Urban Shelter Locations Based on Covering Model

Developing small towns is one important way to push on the urbanization, but the disaster threat is the severe hindrance to the healthy and rapid development of small towns. Compared with the advantages and disadvantages of the Location Set Covering Problem and the Maximum Covering Location Problem, the decision was produced for urban shelter locations in small and medium-sized cities. Firstly a qualitative and quantitative method of urban shelter location decision to distinguish uncovering requirement sites and unmet service need were used, and then an alternative plan for the decision was developed, at last through considering the feasibility of the plan, the most suitable scheme is determined in order to adapt to the different emergency service facilities deployment strategy. Considering the equity and efficiency of emergency rescue facility, this model integrates the Location Set Covering Problem with the Maximum Covering Location Problem, and with an example the paper discusses the solution approach of the model and some solution strategies. What's more, this model has fully taken the cost and benefit into consideration, which provides a feasible way of decision making for the developing city with budget shortfalls.