Effect of Spindle Speed and Feed Rate on Surface Roughness of Carbon Steels in CNC Turning

This paper investigates the effect of process parameters in turning of Carbon Alloy Steels in a CNC lathe. The parameters namely the spindle speed and feed rate are varied to study their effect on surface roughness. The experiments are conducted using one factor at a time approach. The five different carbon alloy steels used for turning are SAE8620, EN8, EN19, EN24 and EN47. The study reveals that the surface roughness is directly influenced by the spindle speed and feed rate. It is observed that the surface roughness increases with increased feed rate and is higher at lower speeds and vice versa for all feed rates.