Analyzing the Performance of Channel in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN)

Underwater wireless sensor networks is composed of a variable number of sensor networks that communicated with each other using acoustic signal and the sensor nodes are deployed in some special underwater environment for monitoring tasks. Designing underwater feasible channel is essential and turns out a great challenge for the characteristics of underwater environment. The motivation for studying the channel performance in UWSN is to provide a reference for deploying sensor nodes in underwater environment. The underwater acoustic channel exhibits multi-path propagation that results in fading and phase fluctuations at the receivers. Doppler effect is another phenomenon that is observed due the movement of both the transmitter and the receiver. Sound speed and complex noise in underwater environment are also the vital factors for modeling good performance channel. In this paper, it analyzes and simulates the characteristics of underwater sensor networks. It concludes that the relation between multi-path fading and distance, frequency and the influences of Doppler effect, delay spread.