Mid-term outcomes of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention with subadventitial vs. intraplaque crossing: A systematic review and meta-analysis

CTOs treated with subadventitial crossing were significantly more complex as compared with CTOs treated with intraplaque crossing. Extensive subadventitial crossing techniques were associated with higher TVR rates as compared with limited techniques, supporting the important role of limited techniques in the treatment of complex CTOs.