Association of vitamin D and knee osteoarthritis - A review

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressively degenerating joint disease primarily affecting the weight-bearing joints of the body. The precise etiopathogenesis and mechanism of progression of osteoarthritis still remain elusive. However, many known risk factors such as vitamin D deficiency, obesity, genetics, and trauma, etc. have been studied and hypothesized to play a significant role in its occurrence and progression. Studies into the effects of low vitamin D levels on pain and joint function to date have yielded equivocal results. Due to the apparent conflicting effects of vitamin D in knee OA, further research is required to fully elucidate its role in the development and progression of the disease.