Effects of nasal septum perforation repair on nasal airflow: An analysis using computational fluid dynamics on preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional models

The effects of septal perforation repair on airflow dynamics were evaluated using computer fluid dynamics (CFD). High WS, PG and SSR observed at the edge of the septal perforation may be related to the clinical symptom such as nasal bleeding and pain. TKE was considered to cause nasal symptom.