Protocolo diagnóstico y tratamiento de las fracturas vertebrales

Vertebral fractures are common and cause acute and chronic lower back pain. Most fractures are not striking clinically, but it is important to identify them as a predictor of future fractures; diagnosis is confirmed by plain x-ray of the spine. It is essential to establish the aetiology of the fracture to determine the appropriate treatment, osteoporotic fractures must be distinguished from those of other origin (trauma, tumours, other diseases). The risk factors for osteoporosis must be considered in the case of primary or secondary osteoporotic fractures. Treatment should start with pain control and, if it is confirmed that the aetiology is fragility, treatment to prevent further fractures should be initiated in accordance with the profile of the patient and their comorbidities. In the acute period of the fracture, orthotics should be considered to control pain and facilitate prompt mobilisation. Vertebroplasty can be an option for certain patients.