Complicaciones infecciosas en el paciente con infección por el VIH

Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, the incidence of opportunistic infections (OI) in patients with HIV has reduced drastically. However, since the proportion of late diagnoses remains high, it is still relevant to be aware of the features of the principal OI, and their treatment and prophylaxis. In Spain, between 2010 and 2015, the most common defining OI for AIDS was Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, in 27% of cases, followed by tuberculosis in 21%. Bacterial pneumonia, cryptococcal meningitis, cerebral toxoplasmosis (one of the main causes of space-occupying lesion of the brain), progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, infections caused by Candida and cytomegalovirus are other relevant OI.