Indicaciones y tratamiento preventivo primario y secundario de la infección oportunista en el paciente con infección por el VIH

The best strategy for the prevention for opportunistic infections (OI) in HIV-infected patients is to prevent deterioration of the immune system by starting antirretroviral treatment. However, if there is a drop in CD4 count < 200 cells/mcl, prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole must be started for the primary prevention of Pneumocistis and toxoplasmosis. Secondary prophylaxis must also be given after the onset of an OI in most cases. Vaccination is one of the most important preventive strategies, and is recommended against pneumococcal disease, influenza and hepatitis A and B.