Otras infecciones crónicas. Actinomicosis

Actinomycosis is a rare granulomatous infection, which is usually indolent, with a tendency to chronicity. It is caused by facultative anaerobic or aerobic grampositive bacteria of the genus Actinomyces. These bacteria are usually saprophytes. It is habitual the rupture of the integrity of the mucous barriers for its propagation. The most frequent manifestations are cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic, in the latter case in relation to intrauterine devices. Clinically, actinomicosis is easily confused with other chronic infections or neoplastic processes. The diagnosis is complex, delayed in time and based on the visualization of the germ or so-called «sulfur granules» in histological samples and / or their isolation and microbiological identification. In their treatment, beta-lactams, especially penicillins, are routinely required, requiring high-dose and long-term treatments routinely.