Tumor necrosis in radical prostatectomies with high-grade prostate cancer is associated with multiple poor prognostic features and a high prevalence of residual disease

The Gleason grading system and the recently defined Grade Groups are strong, well-established predictors of outcome in prostate cancer. Each Gleason score, however, is the result of a sum of categories (Gleason patterns or GPs) that are intrinsically heterogeneous, as each individual pattern encompasses several tumor morphologies. Although the prognostic value of specific morphologic components of GP4 has recently been demonstrated, the significance of the different patterns of GP5 is largely unknown. We reviewed 344 consecutive prostatectomies performed at the Hospital of the University of Illinois at Chicago between 2011 and 2016 and selected 56 cases with primary or secondary GP5 with archival material available for review. Subsequently, we sorted the cases according to the presence or absence of tumor necrosis in invasive adenocarcinoma GP5-designated G5 (+N) and G5 (−N), respectively-for comparison of histopathologic and clinical characteristics. The GP5 (+N) group demonstrated higher prevalence of biochemical recurrence (P = .0006) and seminal vesicle invasion (P = .02), with a trend toward a higher frequency of lymph node metastases (P = .07) and multifocal surgical margin involvement (P = .09). Also, G5 (+N) patients showed higher preoperative prostate-specific antigen values (P = .005) and a larger percentage of submitted tissue involved by tumor (P < .0001). Our results show that GP5 with tumor necrosis is associated with poor prognostic histopathologic features and high rates of residual disease after prostatectomy.