Long term follow-up study of non-invasive brain stimulation (NBS) (rTMS and tDCS) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Strong age-dependency in the effect of NBS

The motor ability in PD was maintained at the same level in patients ≤65 years with NBS for the 3.5 years in contrast to patients >65 years. The cognitive function of patients >65 yrs was favorable influenced by rTMS and tDCS. Age is the main predictor of the effect of NBS. rTMS and tDCS can slow the progression of PD without any side effects but in an age-dependent way.