Racial bias in expert quality assessment: A study of newspaper movie reviews

Newspaper critics’ movie reviews are often used by potential movie viewers as signals of expert quality assessment. We investigate the existence and revenue impact of racial bias in these reviews. Using an expansive, novel dataset spanning 2003–2007, we find ratings for movies with a black lead actor and all white supporting cast are approximately 6 percent lower than for other racial compositions. These findings appear consistent with implicit discrimination, and result in an average revenue loss of up to 4 percent, or $2.57 million, per movie. Robustness checks show it is unlikely these results are driven by unobserved heterogeneity or random correlations.

► We test for the existence of racial bias in movie reviews.
► We find ratings depend on the racial composition of movies’ casts.
► We argue this is consistent with implicit discrimination by reviewers.
► We find revenue effects from this discrimination to be significant.