کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
888502 | 1471851 | 2015 | 11 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
• People view the same decision as better when it leads to positive outcomes than negative outcomes.
• Identified source of bias: failure to appreciate that outcomes are in part determined by external forces.
• Thinking of person–environment interactions as events rather than choices or actions reduces the outcome bias.
People view the same decision as better when it is followed by a positive outcome than by a negative outcome, a phenomenon called the outcome bias. Based on the idea that a key cause of the outcome bias is people’s failure to appreciate that outcomes are in part determined by external forces, three studies tested a novel method to reduce the outcome bias. Experiment 1 showed that people who construed a person’s interactions with the environment as events rather than as actions or choices were less susceptible to the outcome bias in a medical decision making task. Experiments 2 and 3 demonstrated that people who recalled past events rather than actions or choices exhibited lower outcome bias in a risky decision making task and in an ethical judgment task. These findings indicate that an event construal helps people appreciate the role of external factors in causing outcomes.
Journal: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes - Volume 130, September 2015, Pages 136–146