Validation of the Italian version of the UNESP-Botucatu unidimensional composite pain scale for the assessment of postoperative pain in cattle

The results confirm that the UNESP-Botucatu UCPS-IV appears to be a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of postorchiectomy pain in the bovine species. The determination of a cut-off point for rescue analgesia is also helpful for guiding analgesic therapy.