کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
899077 915359 2014 6 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Time horizons and substance use among African American youths living in disadvantaged urban areas
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
افق های زمانی و مواد در میان جوانان آفریقایی آمریکایی زندگی می کنند که در مناطق شهری محروم زندگی می کنند
کلمات کلیدی
استفاده از مواد، تخفیف تاخیر، چشم اندازهای زمان، نمونه برداری رانده شده پاسخ دهنده، بزرگسالان در حال ظهور، آفریقایی آمریکایی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب رفتاری
چکیده انگلیسی


• Time horizons and drug use among disadvantaged African American urban youths were examined.
• Substance use was related to greater present pleasure/reward-seeking orientation.
• Substance use was related to lower tendency to plan and achieve future goals.
• Delay discounting was not significantly related to substance use.
• Results support interventions aimed at lengthening time perspectives.

Transitioning from adolescence to full-fledged adulthood is often challenging, and young people who live in disadvantaged urban neighborhoods face additional obstacles and experience disproportionately higher negative outcomes, including substance abuse and related risk behaviors. This study investigated whether substance use among African Americans ages 15 to 25 (M = 18.86 years) living in such areas was related to present-dominated time perspectives and higher delay discounting. Participants (N = 344, 110 males, 234 females) living in Deep South disadvantaged urban neighborhoods were recruited using Respondent Driven Sampling, an improved peer-referral sampling method suitable for accessing this hard-to-reach target group. Structured field interviews assessed alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use and risk/protective factors, including time perspectives (Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory [ZTPI]) and behavioral impulsivity (delay discounting task). As predicted, substance use was positively related to a greater ZTPI orientation toward present pleasure and a lower tendency to plan and achieve future goals. Although the sample as a whole showed high discounting of delayed rewards, discount rates did not predict substance use. The findings suggest that interventions to lengthen time perspectives and promote enriched views of future possible selves may prevent and reduce substance use among disadvantaged youths. Discontinuities among the discounting and time perspective variables in relation to substance use merit further investigation.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Addictive Behaviors - Volume 39, Issue 4, April 2014, Pages 818–823
نویسندگان
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