Testing methodologies to recruit adult drug-using couples

Given the increased reliance on caller id, caller blocking, and answering machines, random digit dialing has become a less successful recruiting technique, especially among younger individuals. This pilot study tested the feasibility of using multi-step mailed survey methodology to obtain a random sample of adult, substance-using couples. Feasibility was assessed in terms of response rates and generalizability of the sample. A sample of 1000 names and addresses was purchased from a professional survey company. Half of the sample received a $1 incentive and the rest did not receive the incentive. There were no other differences between the other procedures used. The response rate for the incentive group was significantly higher compared to the non-incentive group (66% vs. 47%, p < .001). Past month marijuana use was 4.6% compared to estimates from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health for this region of 5.0%. Similarly, rates of heavy drinking and attitudes about drug use were also similar to other estimates. There were no differences on substance use for the incentive group compared to the non-incentive group. This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of using a multi-step mailed survey to recruit a representative sample of adult, substance-using couples.