The p38 MAPK pathway mediates interleukin-1-induced Sertoli cell proliferation

We have reported earlier that interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent growth factor for immature Sertoli cells (somatic cells in the testis required for testicular development and later spermatogenesis) and that this effect is synergistic with the mitogenic effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The aim of the present study was to determine whether MAPK pathways are involved in mediating the mitogenic effect of IL-1 on Sertoli cells. Western blotting revealed that IL-1α activated p38 MAPK and JNK/SAPK, but not ERK, in Sertoli cells from 8- or 9-day-old rat. The inhibitor of p38 MAPK SB203580 attenuated the IL-1α-induced proliferation of Sertoli cells, as assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation and supravital staining as well as by direct cell counting. We conclude that the p38 MAPK pathway mediates the proliferative effect of IL-1α on immature Sertoli cells in vitro. Since the mitogenic effect of FSH is mediated via ERK, the synergistic action of IL-1α and FSH may be explained by their different intracellular signalling pathways. Induction of IL-1 by inflammation, infection or other tissue injuries may result in testicular damage by interfering with normal Sertoli cell development and thus future spermatogenesis.