کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
920028 920260 2011 12 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Is everyday causation deterministic or probabilistic?
کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب شناختی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Is everyday causation deterministic or probabilistic?
چکیده انگلیسی

One view of causation is deterministic: A causes B means that whenever A occurs, B occurs. An alternative view is that causation is probabilistic: the assertion means that given A, the probability of B is greater than some criterion, such as the probability of B given not-A. Evidence about the induction of causal relations cannot readily decide between these alternative accounts, and so we examined how people refute causal assertions. In four experiments most participants judged that a single counterexample of A and not-B refuted assertions of the form, A causes B. And, as a deterministic theory based on mental models predicted, participants were more likely to request multiple refutations for assertions of the form, A enables B. Similarly, refutations of the form not-A and B were more frequent for enabling than causal assertions. Causation in daily life seems to be a deterministic concept.

Research Highlights
► Refutations of causal claims suggest that everyday causation is deterministic.
► All causal claims were most frequently refuted by a single counterexample.
► More multiple counterexamples requested for enables than for causes.
► Causes, enables and prevents statements are refuted by different evidence.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Acta Psychologica - Volume 137, Issue 3, July 2011, Pages 280–291
نویسندگان
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