Utilization of colonoscopy in the United States: results from a national consortium

Colonoscopy utilization varies based on age, gender, and race. Colonoscopy often is performed in patients less than 50 years old for irritable bowel symptoms; rectal bleeding; or average-risk screening, for which benefits are uncertain. In patients older than 50 years, surveillance after polyp removal is a common indication and may be overused. Understanding utilization can lead to further study to determine outcomes, to optimize utilization, and to provide a basis for shifting limited resources.