Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (synonymous with atopic eczema) is a chronic, relapsing, and intensely pruritic inflammatory skin disorder affecting 10-20% of children worldwide. It can have a significant impact on the affected individuals' quality of life. The cause of the condition is believed to be multifactorial and the incidence in industrialized countries is increasing. Most cases have a personal or family history of atopy. The rash typically has a flexural distribution and is characterized by itchy papules and patches that become excoriated and lichenified. Simple management strategies to reduce factors that irritate the skin as well as topical corticosteroids will successfully treat most cases. Topical immunomodulators are a new and effective treatment for some patients, and selected severe cases required systemic immunosuppressive therapies.