Maldescent of the testes

Cryptorchidism is the most common congenital abnormality. The prevalence is increasing and currently stands at 5.5% of all boys born at full term. Approximately one-half will continue to descend into the scrotum; most will do so by three months of age. The current embryological theories of testicular descent are discussed. The diagnosis, management and implications of cryptorchidism are reviewed.