BCG Dose Reduction by Decreasing the Instillation Frequency: Effects on Local Th1/Th2 Cytokine Responses in a Mouse Model

During the 6-week period the intermediate weekly BCG instillations 2, 3, 4, and 5 do not contribute to Th1 cytokine upregulation in the bladder, provided that the BCG dose is sufficient. Whether such a reduced BCG frequency schedule has immunestimulating capacity and therapeutic efficacy associated with less side effects in patients remains to be investigated.