Thermal comparison of the AdvanTec Legacy, Sovereign WhiteStar, and Millennium phacoemulsification systems

At identical console power settings and similar console duty cycles, the temperature elevation of ultrasonic tips was least for the Legacy and greater for the WhiteStar and Millennium under all conditions. The causes of these findings appear to be the longer stroke length of the WhiteStar and Millennium and the underestimation of the duty cycle with the WhiteStar.