Elevated stress sensitivity in corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 deficient mice decreases maternal, but not intermale aggression

Maternal aggression is a form of aggression towards intruders by lactating females that is critical for defense of offspring. During lactation, fear and anxiety are reduced, the CNS is less responsive to the anxiogenic neuropeptide, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and central injections of CRF inhibit maternal aggression. Together, these previous findings suggest that decreased CRF neurotransmission during lactation supports normal maternal aggression expression. Recent work indicates that mice deficient in CRF receptor 2 (CRFR2) display increased anxiety-like behaviors, have a hypersensitive stress response, and overproduce CRF. In this study, we examined both maternal and intermale aggression in wild-type (WT) and CRFR2-deficient mice. CRFR2-mutant mice exhibited significant deficits in maternal aggression on postpartum Day 4 relative to WT mice in terms of percentage displaying aggression, mean number of attacks, and mean time in aggressive encounters. However, time sniffing male intruder, pup retrieval, number of pups, and performance on the elevated plus maze were similar between genotypes. In contrast, intermale aggression did not differ between genotype in any measure on any of three consecutive test days. For neither form of aggression did sites of attacks on the intruder differ between genotype. Taken together, the results suggest that differences in stress sensitivity and the overproduction of CRF of the knockout (KO) mice specifically affects maternal, but not intermale aggression.