A novel stereotaxic approach to the hypothalamus for the use of push-pull perfusion cannula in Holstein calves

To determine secretory patterns of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SS) and their roles in the regulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion, a method for collecting hypothalamic perfusates, a push-pull perfusion method was developed in calves. With the use of the stereotaxic apparatus for cattle, a cannula was implanted into the hypothalamus of four male calves based upon cerebral ventriculography. Push-pull perfusates were collected at 10 min intervals for 6 h and GHRH and SS concentrations in perfusates and plasma GH concentration were determined by EIAs and RIA, respectively. A cannula was implanted into the hypothalamus based on the image of the third ventricle and maintained for 1 month. GHRH and SS showed pulsatile secretion and the pulses for GHRH and SS were irregular in conscious animals. Neither GHRH nor SS secretion had a clear relationship with GH secretion. In the present study, we thus (1) established a stereotaxic technique for approaching the hypothalamus using cerebral ventriculography for calves, and (2) demonstrated that GHRH and SS secretion were pulsatile but not closely related to GH profile in conscious calves. The technique is useful for the study of the functions of the hypothalamus in the control of pituitary hormones in cattle.