A risk-return explanation of the momentum-reversal “anomaly”

• This study investigates the nature of the momentum-reversal phenomenon.
• We use cumulative future returns to analyze the momentum-reversal pattern.
• Our results demonstrate that there is no momentum-reversal anomaly.
• We show that size eventually causes returns to move in the opposite direction.
• We demonstrate that this price movement is related to institutional trading.

This study investigates the nature of the momentum-reversal phenomenon exhibited by U.S. stock returns from 1962 to 2013. We use cumulative future returns of long–short portfolios, which are formed using prior returns as benchmarks, after portfolio formation to analyze the well-documented momentum-reversal pattern. Contrary to many previous studies our results demonstrate that there is no momentum-reversal anomaly. We show that size (market capitalization), which is often considered a proxy for risk, eventually dominates momentum's initial effect, causing stock prices and, hence, returns to move in the opposite direction. We demonstrate that this latter price movement is likely to be related to institutional trading.