Radiation shielding of high-energy neutrons in SAD

By separating the radiation fields into a spallation- and a fission-induced part, it was shown that the neutrons with energy higher than 10 MeV, originating exclusively from the proton-induced spallation reactions in the target, contribute for the entire part of the radiation fields and the effective dose at the top of the shielding. Consequently, the effective dose above the SAD reactor system is merely dependent on the proton beam properties and not on the reactivity of the core.