Treatment Patterns and Adherence among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus in a US Managed Care Population

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to document real-world treatment patterns, medication adherence, and the impact of adherence on disease-specific and all-cause health-care costs among chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients in a US managed care population.MethodsCommercial insurance claims data between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2006 from the Ingenix Impact (formerly Integrated Health Care Information Services) database were retrospectively analyzed. Chronic HCV patients with one or more prescriptions for an HCV-specific treatment within 6 months before or at any time after their first observed diagnosis of chronic HCV were selected. Prescribing patterns, treatment cost, and duration of treatment were assessed over the entire therapy period. Medication adherence rates and the relationship between adherence and health-care costs were assessed over the 24-week period after treatment initiation. The results were stratified by key clinical characteristics such as genotype, sustained virologic attainment, and disease severity.ResultsResults showed that peginterferon and ribavirin combination regimens were the most common treatments for chronic HCV. The patients underwent treatment for approximately 30–32 weeks on average, and treatment costs were over $20,000 per patient. Adherence to medication was suboptimal, especially among patients with severe disease. Adherent patients had higher pharmacy costs but significantly lower total costs when pharmacy was excluded.ConclusionsNew and improved treatments that promote better adherence and impose a lower cost burden on patients and payers are needed.