Reduction of myocardial infarct size by SM-197378, a novel Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor, in rabbits

The effects of SM-197378, 2-[[[amino(imino)methyl]amino]carbonyl]-1-methyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1H-indol-7-yl=hydrogen=sulfate monohydrate, a novel potent Na+/H+exchange inhibitor, on heart injury were studied using a rabbit model involving 30 min of myocardial ischemia and 5 h of reperfusion. Intravenous administration of SM-197378 before ischemia reduced the infarct size by approximately 30-50% in a dose-dependent manner. This anti-necrotic effect was achieved without significant hemodynamic changes. Moreover, administration of SM-197378 before reperfusion also resulted in a significant, approximately 30-40%, reduction in the infarct size. The anti-necrotic effect of pre-ischemic bolus treatment with SM-197378 was compared with that of nicorandil, a K+channel opener with nitrate-like activity, and ischemic preconditioning. With 30 and 60 min of ischemia, the anti-necrotic effects of SM-197378 and ischemic preconditioning were similar and superior to that of nicorandil. With 90 min of ischemia, the anti-necrotic effect of SM-197378 was superior to that of ischemic preconditioning.