Carbon value dynamics for France: A key driver to support mitigation pledges at country scale

► We quantify the dynamic evolution of carbon values for France. ► We use a long-term optimization energy model from the MARKAL family. ► We compute consistent energy balances for different climate and energy policy. ► We show that the official guideline is only consistent with optimistic assumptions. ► The dynamic is not a simple upward curve and influencing parameters are analyzed.