Post-Mortem Histologic Evaluation of Microwave Lesions After Epicardial Pulmonary Vein Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation

This post-mortem histologic study showed that in the majority of samples the lesions were not transmural and that the extent of myocardial damage was highly variable. Even in this validated approach of epicardial beating heart ablation with satisfactory clinical results, transmurality of lesions cannot be assumed.