Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; SLN, superior laryngeal nerve; CPG, central pattern generator; NTS, nucleus tractus solitarii; RLN, recurrent laryngeal nerve; Cx, cortical swallowing areaSwallowing; Superior laryngeal nerve; Rat; Central pattern generator; Nucleus tractus solitarii
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Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CPG, central pattern generator; ENG, electroneurograms; LGS, bilateral gastrocnemius plus soleus; MG, medial gastrocnemius; PF, pattern formation; RG, rhythm generator; sCDP, sinusoidal cord dorsum potentials; TA, tibialis anteriorcat; involuntary movemen
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; NTS, nucleus tractus solitarius; NA, nucleus ambiguus; CPG, central pattern generator; fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging; VFSS, videofluoroscopic swallowing study; PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; UES, upper esophageal sphincter; CPA, c
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; Clinical trial; Locomotor; Rehabilitation; Spinal cord injuriesBWSTT, body weight–supported treadmill training; CPG, central pattern generator; LEMS, lower extremity motor score; LKOGT, robotic locomotor training plus overground therapy; LMN, lower motor
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CPG, central pattern generator; LN, lateral nerve; n, number of data points; N, number of individuals from which data were obtained. Where N ≠ n, we have indicated N; OA, octopamine; OPP, Oscillatory firing neuron Projecting to Peripheral nerves; SG, segm
Estimation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductance variations in motoneurons during locomotor-like rhythmic activity
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; ACF, autocorrelation function; CNS, central nervous system; CPG, central pattern generator; MN, motoneuron; NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate; VR, ventral rootsynaptic conductance estimation; locomotion; spinal cord; central pattern ge
Munch's SCREAM: A spontaneous movement by zebrafish larvae featuring strong abduction of both pectoral fins often associated with a sudden bend
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; dpf, days post-fertilization; SC-bend, SCREAM-bend; CPG, central pattern generator; (H-T)/AL, distance between the tip of the head and the tip of the tail divided by the axial lengthEscape; Swimming; Locomotion; Limb; Struggling; Tactile stimulation
Acute exercise-induced activation of Phox2b-expressing neurons of the retrotrapezoid nucleus in rats may involve the hypothalamus
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; ANOVA, analysis of variance; ccRTN, chemically-coded retrotrapezoid nucleus neurons; c-Fos-ir, c-Fos immunoreactive; CPG, central pattern generator; DMH, dorsal medial hypothalamus; FG, Fluoro-Gold; ir, immunoreactive; PaCO2PaCO2, partial pressure of arte
Lack of non-voluntary stepping responses in Parkinson’s disease
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; Parkinson’s disease; central pattern generator; muscle tone; spinal cord; shortening reaction; locomotionBF, biceps femoris; CPG, central pattern generator; EMG, electromyography; LG, lateral gastrocnemius; PD, Parkinson’s disease; RF, rectus femoris; SD,
Generation of the masticatory central pattern and its modulation by sensory feedback
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; AD, antidromic; ADP, afterdepolarization; AHP, afterhyperpolarization; BK-Ca, big Ca2+-dependent K+ conductance; CMA, cortical masticatory area; CPG, central pattern generator; Dig, digastric; Ext, extensors; FC, fast closing; Fle, flexors; ICaN, calcium
The role of propriospinal interneurons in recovery from spinal cord injury
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; Propriospinal; Interneuron; Spinal cord injury; Plasticity; Regeneration; Motor controlBMP, Bone Morphogenic Protein; CNS, Central Nervous System; CPG, Central Pattern Generator; CSPGs, Condroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans; CST, Cortico-spinal Tract; EMG, El
The beginning of intracellular recording in spinal neurons: Facts, reflections, and speculations
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; AP, action potential; AHP, afterhyperpolarization; CNS, central nervous system; CPG, central pattern generator; EPSP, excitatory PSP; EC, extracellular; Ext, extensor; Fl, flexor; IN, interneuron; IC, intracellular; IPSP, inhibitory PSP; MN, motoneuron; P
5-HT precursor loading, but not 5-HT receptor agonists, increases motor function after spinal cord contusion in adult rats
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; 5-HT, serotonin; BBB, open field locomotor test (Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan Locomotor Score); CPG, central pattern generator; d-FEN, fenfluramine, serotonin transporter inhibitor; DPAT, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetraline, serotonin1A receptor agonist;
Physiological definition of upper airway obstructions in mouse model for Rett syndrome
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; AI, apnoea index; chestVT, tidal volume measured from pressure changes in the chest chamber of the double-chamber plethysmograph; c-OA, centrally-mediated obstructive apnoea; CPG, central pattern generator; fR, respiratory frequency; headVT, tidal volume
Anterograde labeling of ventrolateral funiculus pathways with spinal enlargement connections in the adult rat spinal cord
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; VLF, ventrolateral funiculus; BDA, biotinylated dextran-amine; CPG, central pattern generator; CTB, cholera toxin beta-subunitPropriospinal pathways; Ventrolateral funiculus; Biotinylated dextran-amine; Interlimb coordination
K+ homeostasis and central pattern generation in the metathoracic ganglion of the locust
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CPG, central pattern generator; [K+]o, extracellular potassium concentration; [Na+]i, intracellular sodium concentration; MTG, metathoracic ganglion; SD, spreading depression; vCPG, ventilatory central pattern generatorCentral pattern generator; Locust; N
GABAergic and glycinergic interneuron expression during spinal cord development: Dynamic interplay between inhibition and excitation in the control of ventral network outputs
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CNS, central nervous system; CPG, central pattern generator; E, embryonic age; ECl, chloride reversal potential; P, postnatal day; IR, immuno-reactive; GAD, glutamic acid decarboxylase; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine, s
Partial denervation of ankle extensors prior to spinalization in cats impacts the expression of locomotion and the phasic modulation of reflexes
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; plasticity; reflex; locomotion; denervation; spinalizationANOVA, analysis of variance; blEMG, baseline locomotor electromyography; CPG, central pattern generator; DS, denervated-spinal; EMG, electromyography; IS, intact-spinal; LGS, lateral gastrocnemius-
Locomotor networks are targets of modulation by sensory transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential melastatin 8 channels
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; TRP; mouse spinal cord; locomotor rhythm; CPG; capsaicin; mentholAA, arachidonic acid; ACSF, artificial cerebrospinal fluid; AMPAR, AMPA receptors; CPG, central pattern generator; DA, dopamine; FRA, flexor reflex afferents; Hb9, homeobox gene 9; LysoPL, l
Descending command systems for the initiation of locomotion in mammals
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; APV, 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid; coVF, contralateral ventorlateral funiculus; CPG, central pattern generator; DA, dopamine, dopaminergic; EMG, electromyography; iVF, ipsilateral ventrolateral funiculus; LDP, locomotor drive
Neural bases of goal-directed locomotion in vertebrates—An overview
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; AE, ankle extensor; AF, ankle flexor; CPG, central pattern generator; cpo, postoptic commissure; D, diencephalon; DA, dopamine; DLR, diencephalic locomotor region; EDB, extensor digitorum brevis; EIN, excitatory interneuron; EmTh, eminentia thalami; FE, f
Organization of mammalian locomotor rhythm and pattern generation
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CPG, central pattern generator; MLR, midbrain locomotor region; RG, rhythm generator; PF, pattern formation; UBG, unit burst generator; UPF, unit pattern formationCPG; Computational model; Spinal cord; Decerebrate cat
Reticulospinal pathways in the ventrolateral funiculus with terminations in the cervical and lumbar enlargements of the adult rat spinal cord
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; locomotion; retrograde tracing; medulla; Fluoro-Ruby; Fluoro-Gold; commissural reticulospinal neuronsC (plus number), cervical; CPG, central pattern generator; FG, Fluoro-Gold; FR, Fluoro-Ruby; GiV, gigantocellular reticular ventral nucleus; L (plus numbe
Thomas Graham Brown (1882–1965), Anders Lundberg (1920–), and the neural control of stepping
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CNS, Central nervous system; CPG, Central pattern generator; IC, Intracellular; IN, Interneuron; MN, MotoneuronCentral pattern generation; Interneuron; Locomotor control; Motoneuron; Vertebrate spinal cord; Stepping
Arthropod D2 receptors positively couple with cAMP through the Gi/o protein family
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; CPG, central pattern generator; GPCR, G protein coupled receptor; DA, dopamine; DAR, dopamine receptor; PKA, protein kinase A; PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A; PTX, pertussis toxin; Et-18-OCH3, 1-O-Octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; IBMX,
Long ascending propriospinal projections from lumbosacral to upper cervical spinal cord in the rat
Keywords: CPG، ژنراتور الگو مرکزی; ABC, avidin–biotin complex; ANOVA, analysis of variance; C, cervical; CPG, central pattern generator; CTB, cholera toxin beta-subunit; L, lumbar; Lat, lateral; LSN, lateral spinal nucleus; MAC, minimum alveolar concentration; Med, medial; MN, motoneuron;