Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Nucleus accumbens; Voltammetry; Menthol; Saccharin; Sucrose; Progressive ratio;
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Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Operant behavior; Housing conditions; Fixed ratio; Progressive ratio; Attention; Motivation;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Sucrose; Adolescence; Progressive ratio; Dopamine receptors; Nucleus accumbens; Rat;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; AUD; Alcohol use disorder; FDA; Food and Drug Administration; MOR; Mu opioid receptor; DOR; Delta opioid receptor; KOR; Kappa opioid receptor; NMDA; N-methyl-d-aspartate; GABA; Gaba amino butyric acid; DSM-IV; Diagnostic and statistical measurement IV; PA
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Duration; Progressive ratio; Motivating operation; Reinforcement; Deprivation; Lever press; Rats;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Maternal immune activation; Neurodevelopmental disease; Schizophrenia; Negative symptoms; Motivation; Progressive ratio; Incentive salience; Contingency degradation;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Depression; Motivation; Progressive ratio; Anhedonia; Reward; Effort;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Progressive ratio; Probabilistic; Choice; Unit price; Rat;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Dopamine; Binge eating; Progressive ratio; Sex differences; Motivation; Adolescence
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Conditioned place preference; Extinction; Methamphetamine; Progressive ratio; Reinstatement; Self-administration
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; (2-AG); 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol; (â9-THC); delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol; (AA); Alko Alcohol preferring; (ABHD); alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein; (ADE); alcohol deprivation effect; (AEA); N-arachidonoylethanolamine; (CB1); cannabinoid rece
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; ID; iron deficiency, iron deficient; DA; dopamine; DAT; dopamine transporter; PND; postnatal day; D1R; dopamine type-1 receptor; D2R; dopamine type-2 receptor; NAc; nucleus accumbens; VTA; ventral tegmental area; iv; intravenous; FR; fixed ratio; PR; prog
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Progressive duration; Progressive ratio; Rats; Reinforcement; Lever press
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Alcoholism; Adolescence; Operant; Self-administration; Progressive ratio
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; NCE; new chemical entity; SNI; spared nerve injury; SNL; spinal nerve ligation; PR; progressive ratio; 5-CSRTT; 5-choice serial reaction time task; SD; stimulus duration; ITI; inter trial interval; LH; limited hold; ICSS; intracranial self-stimulation; Nb
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Motivation; Reward; Bariatric surgery; Operant behavior; Progressive ratio;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Progressive ratio; Operant; Delay; Efficacy;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Serotonin transporter; Knockout; Conditioning; Sign tracking; Goal tracking; Progressive ratio; 5-HTT; serotonin transporter; BP; breaking point; CR; conditioned response; CS; conditioned stimulus; US; unconditioned stimulus; FR; fixed ratio; ITI; intertr
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Heroin; Withdrawal; Progressive ratio; Reinstatement; Resumption; Yohimbine;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; NSA; nicotine self-administration; i.v.; intravenous; s.c.; subcutaneous; FR; fixed ratio; PR; progressive ratio; FT; food trained; SP; spontaneous acquisition; Nicotine; Self-administration; Food training; Rat; Acquisition; Progressive ratio;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; AR; artificial rearing; CRF; continuous reinforcement; CTA; conditioned taste aversion; MR; maternally reared; PND; post-natal day; PR; progressive ratio; RI; random interval; RR; random ratio; RT; random time; Appetitive conditioning; Artificial rearing;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; BAC; Blood alcohol content; B-BAES; Brief Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale; CO; Carbon monoxide; DDS; dependent daily smokers; FTCD; Fagerström test for Cigarette Dependence; NNS; nondependent nondaily smokers; NRT; nicotine replacement therapy; QSU-Brief;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Drug dependence; Opiate withdrawal; Motivation; Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system; CRF2 receptor; Null mutant mice; ANOVA; analysis of variance; CRF; corticotropin-releasing factor; CRF1; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor-1; CRF2; corticot
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Methamphetamine; Self-administration; Oxytocin; Sex differences; Reinstatement; Progressive ratio;
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; ANOVA; analysis of variance; AUC; area under the curve; BP; breaking point; DARPP-32; dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32,000; FR; fixed-ratio; NAcS; nucleus accumbens shell; PR; progressive ratio; SDS; sodium dodecyl sulfate; Thr; threoni
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) determines a sex difference in cue-conditioned alcohol seeking in rats
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; BDNF; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BEC; blood alcohol concentration; FR3; fixed ratio 3 requirement; HET; BDNF heterozygous (HET) rat; IVC; individually-ventilated cages; mPFC; medial prefrontal cortex; NAc; nucleus accumbens; PR; progressive ratio;
Dopamine D3 receptor partial agonist LS-3-134 attenuates cocaine-motivated behaviors
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Cocaine-seeking behavior; Phenylpiperazine; Extinction; Reinstatement; Progressive ratio; Reinforcement (psychology); Substance use disorders;
Female Sprague-Dawley rats display greater appetitive and consummatory responses to alcohol
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Operant self-administration; Females; Progressive ratio; Alcohol; Sex differences;
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist fenofibrate attenuates alcohol self-administration in rats
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Addiction; Alcohol; Ethanol; Self-administration; Progressive ratio; PPARα; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; Ethanol reinforcement; Drug seeking; Rats;
Intermittent intake of rapid cocaine injections promotes robust psychomotor sensitization, increased incentive motivation for the drug and mGlu2/3 receptor dysregulation
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Drug addiction; Speed of cocaine onset; Intravenous drug self-administration; Psychomotor sensitization; Progressive ratio; Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors;
Rapamycin reduces motivated responding for cocaine and alters GluA1 expression in the ventral but not dorsal striatum
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Cocaine; Striatum; mTOR; Nucleus accumbens; Rapamycin; Progressive ratio
Modern ‘junk food’ and minimally-processed ‘natural food’ cafeteria diets alter the response to sweet taste but do not impair flavor-nutrient learning in rats
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Food preference; Learning; Overeating; Food reward; Palatability; Lick microstructure; Progressive ratio
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 deletion in the mouse decreases motivation and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Neuronal calcium sensor-1; Frequenin; Motivation; Dopamine; Effort; Progressive ratio
Acupuncture Suppresses Morphine Craving in Progressive Ratio Through the GABA System
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; acupuncture; GABA; morphine; progressive ratio; self-administration; SI5
Impramine, fluoxetine and clozapine differently affected reactivity to positive and negative stimuli in a model of motivational anhedonia in rats
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; ANOVA; analysis of variance; BP; breaking point; DARPP-32; dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32,000; FR; fixed-ratio; NAcS; nucleus accumbens shell; PR; progressive ratio; SA; self-administration; SDS; sodium dodecyl sulfate; Thr; threonine
Research reportThe effects of amphetamine, butorphanol, and their combination on cocaine self-administration
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Amphetamine; Butorphanol; Cocaine; Fixed ratio; Progressive ratio; Self-administration;
Measurement of food reinforcement in preschool children. Associations with food intake, BMI, and reward sensitivity
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Food reinforcement; Progressive ratio; Children; Obesity; Reward sensitivity; Measurement;
Exercise decreases speedball self-administration
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Cocaine; Exercise; Heroin; Progressive ratio; Rat; Self-administration; Speedball
The mu/kappa agonist nalbuphine attenuates sensitization to the behavioral effects of cocaine
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Cocaine; Fixed ratio; Locomotor; Nalbuphine; Progressive ratio; Self-administration; Sensitization;
A novel model of chronic sleep restriction reveals an increase in the perceived incentive reward value of cocaine in high drug-taking rats
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Chronic sleep restriction; Cocaine; Disc treadmill method; Fixed ratio; Progressive ratio; Self-administration
Selective serotonin receptor stimulation of the medial nucleus accumbens differentially affects appetitive motivation for food on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Nucleus accumbens; Serotonin; Appetitive motivation; Progressive ratio
Rimonabant abolishes sensitivity to workload changes in a progressive ratio procedure
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; THC; Rimonabant; Progressive ratio; Rat; Step size
Pontine and thalamic influences on fluid rewards: I. Operant responding for sucrose and corn oil
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Parabrachial nucleus; Progressive ratio; Reward; Sham feeding; Thalamic orosensory area;
Excitotoxic lesions to the prefrontal cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats do not impair response matching
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Perseveration; Prefrontal cortex; Operant responding; Progressive ratio; Concurrent schedules; Rat;
Assessing motivation in children using a progressive ratio task
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Motivation; Progressive ratio; Age; Sex; Children
Intranasal cocaine functions as reinforcer on a progressive ratio schedule in humans
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Cocaine; Intranasal; Humans; Progressive ratio;
Evidence for motivational effects elicited by activation of GABA-A or dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Food intake; Amphetamine; Ingestion; Feeding behavior; Muscimol; Progressive ratio; Operant behavior; Food motivation; Dopamine
Reinforcing efficacy of fat, as assessed by progressive ratio responding, depends upon availability not amount consumed
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Binge eating; Dietary fat; Progressive ratio; Reinforcing efficacy
T-Type Calcium Channel Antagonism Decreases Motivation for Nicotine and Blocks Nicotine- and Cue-Induced Reinstatement for a Response Previously Reinforced with Nicotine
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Addiction; drug abuse; incentive salience; progressive ratio; relapse; self-administration;
Effect of acute and repeated cocaine exposure on response matching capabilities of Sprague-Dawley rats responding for sucrose on concurrent schedules of reinforcement
Keywords: نسبت پیشرفت; Cocaine; Sensitization; Perseveration; Operant responding; Progressive ratio; Concurrent schedules; Sucrose; Rat;