Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; ABA, abscisic acid; Arg, l-arginine; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; Glu, l-glutamic acid; IAA, indole-3-acetic acid; JA, jasmonic acid; Pro, l-proline; Put, putrescine; RdGR, relative diameter growth ratio; RhGR, relative aerial height growth ratio; SA, salic
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Oxidative stress and antioxidant responses to increasing concentrations of trivalent chromium in the Andean crop species Chenopodium quinoa Willd
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; AA, antioxidant activity; Chl, chlorophyll; DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; DW, dry weight; FW, fresh weight; HM, heavy metal; MDA, malondialdehyde; Put, putrescine; QE, quercetin equivalent; ROS, reactive oxygen species; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermi
Spermine is a potent modulator of proton transport through LHCII
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Liposomes; Light harvesting complex II; Aggregation; Spermine; Proton permeabilityLHCII, light-harvesting complex II; Chl, chlorophyll; PAs, polyamines; Spm, spermine; Spd, spermidine; Put, putrescine; ΔpH, thylakoid proton gradient; kH+kH+, rate constant
HPLC determination of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) and some biogenic amines (BAs) in controlled, germinated, and fermented brown rice by pre-column derivatization
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Biogenic amines; HPLC; Brown rice; Pre-column derivatizationGABA, gamma amino butyric acid; DOP, dopamine; HIST, histamine; TYRA, tyramine; PUT, putrescine; CAD, cadaverine; SPD, spermidine; SPM, spermine; BAs, biogenic amines
Involvement of polyamines in creasing of sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] fruit
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; PUT; SPD; SPM; Sweet orange; Creasing index; Free polyaminesCI, creasing index percent; Pas, polyamines; PUT, putrescine; SPD, spermidine; SPM, spermine; CAD, cadaverine; MGBG, guanylhydrazone; μM, micro moles; exo-PG, exo-polygalacturonase; endo-PG, endo
Change in protein-ligand specificity through binding pocket grafting
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; PotF, putrescine binding protein; PotD, spermidine binding protein; PBP, periplasmic binding protein; SPD, spermidine; PUT, putrescine; ITC, isothermal titration calorimetryPeriplasmic binding protein; Polyamine binding; Putrescine; Spermidine; Protein en
Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz promotes intestinal epithelial restitution via the polyamine—Voltage-gated K+ channel pathway
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; AMK, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz; Kv1.1 channel, voltage-gated K+ channel a-subunit; MP, membrane potential; [Ca2+]cyt, cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration; PUT, putrescine; SPD, spermidine; SPM, spermine; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; TCM, traditio
Effect of a commercial seaweed extract (Kelpak®) and polyamines on nutrient-deprived (N, P and K) okra seedlings
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; HS, Hoagland's solution; PA, polyamine; PGR, plant growth regulators; Put, putrescine; SVI, seedling vigor index; Spm, spermine; SWC, seaweed concentrateOkra; Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench; Seaweed; Ecklonia maxima; Nutrient deficiency; Seedling grow
Role of polyamines in regulating silymarin production in Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn (Asteraceae) cell cultures under conditions of calcium deficiency
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; EGTA, ethylene glycol-bis-(β-aminoethyl) ether-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid; PAs, polyamines; PH, hydrolyzed pellet fraction; Put, putrescine; S, soluble fraction; SH, hydrolyzed soluble fraction; Sm, silymarin; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineCa2+ deprived;
Effects of endogenous abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, polyamines, and polyamine oxidase activity in tomato seedlings under drought stress
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Drought stress; Abscisic acid; Jasmonic acid; Polyamines; Polyamine oxidase activity; TomatoABA, Abscisic acid; JA, Jasmonic acid; PA, Polyamine; Pas, Putrescine/spermine and spermidine; PAO, Polyamine oxidase; PEG, Polyethylene glycol; Put, Putrescine; P
Delayed ripening and improved fruit processing quality in tomato by RNAi-mediated silencing of three homologs of 1-aminopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; ACC, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; ACS, ACC synthase; ADC, arginine decarboxylase; NPT-II, neomycine phosphotransferase; ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; PA, polyamine; PLW, physiological loss of water; Put, putrescine; SAMDC, S-adenosylmethionine d
Role of amine oxidase expression to maintain putrescine homeostasis in Rhodococcus opacus
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; FlavAO, flavin dependent amine oxidase; CuAO, copper dependent amine oxidase; PUT, putrescine; CAD, cadaverine; BUT, butylamine; HEX, hexamethylenediamine; ETH, ethylenediamine; SPE, spermidineAmine oxidase; Rhodococcus opacus; MALDI–TOF analysis; Genomic
Polyamines induce aggregation of LHC II and quenching of fluorescence in vitro
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; LHC II, light-harvesting complex II; Chl, chlorophyll; Neo, neoxanthin; Vio, violaxanthin; PAs, polyamines; Spm, spermine; Spd, spermidine; Put, putrescine; ΔpH, thylakoid proton gradient; qE, ΔpH-dependent quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence; DM, dodec
Ammonium enhances resistance to salinity stress in citrus plants
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; AOS, allene oxide synthase; DAB, diaminobenzidine; DW, dry weight; FW, fresh weight; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; PHGPx, phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; PR5, osmotin-like; PAs, polyamines; Put, putrescine; RD22, resp
Salicylic acid treatment of pea seeds induces its de novo synthesis
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; cad, cadaverine; CS, chorismate synthase; ICS, isochorismate synthase; oHCA, ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid; put, putrescine; SA, salicylic acid; spd, spermidine; spn, spermineAntioxidant enzyme; Gene expression; o-Coumaric acid; Polyamines; Salicylic acid
Exogenous calcium affects nitrogen metabolism in root-zone hypoxia-stressed muskmelon roots and enhances short-term hypoxia tolerance
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; DAO, diamine oxidase; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; GOGAT, glutamate synthase; GS, glutamine synthetase; NR, nitrate reductase; PAO, polyamine oxidase; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineCalcium; Hypoxic
Possible involvement of polyphenols and polyamines in salt tolerance of almond rootstocks
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Almond rootstocks; Salt tolerance; Anthocyanin; Carotenoids; PolyaminesA, net photosynthetic rate; ATN, anthocyanin; Car, carotenoids; Chl (a + b), total chlorophylls; PA, polyamine; Put, putrescine; TAA, total antioxidant activity; Spd, spermidine
Antisense inhibition of a spermidine synthase gene highlights the role of polyamines for stress alleviation in pear shoots subjected to salinity and cadmium
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; ADC, arginine decarboxylase; CaMV, cauliflower mosaic virus; DIG, digoxigenin-dUTP; FWI, fresh weight increment (%); GR, glutathione reductase; GSH, glutathione; MDA, malondialdehyde; Put, putrescine; ROS, reactive oxidative species; SAMDC, S-adenosylmeth
Amelioration of salinity stress by exogenously applied spermidine or spermine in three varieties of indica rice differing in their level of salt tolerance
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; CAT, catalase; Cys, cysteine; GPX, guaiacol peroxidase; LOX, lipoxygenase; MDA, malondialdehyde; PAs, polyamines; Pro, proline; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineIndica rice; Polyamines; Salinity stress; Salt tolera
Cadaverine turnover in soybean seedlings using 15N-labelled lysine and cadaverine
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Cadaverine; Glycine max; Lysine; Polyamine; SoybeanCad, cadaverine; Lys, lysine; LDC, lysine decarboxylase; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine
Mycorrhiza formation is not needed for early growth induction and growth-related changes in polyamines in Scots pine seedlings in vitro
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Ectomycorrhizae; Paxillus involutus; Pinus sylvestris; Pisolithus tinctorius; Polyamines; SymbiosisECM, ectomycorrhizal; IAA, indole-3-acetic acid; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine
Involvement of polyamines in adaptation of Potamogeton crispus L. to cadmium stress
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; AsA, Aascorbate; Cd, cadmium; CP, chloroplast; CW, cell wall; DAO, diamine oxidase; GSH, reduced glutathione; Mi, mitochondria; PAO, polyamine oxidase; PAs, polyamines; Put, putrescine; ROS, reactive oxygen species; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineCadmium;
The role of polyamines in the regulation of the plasma membrane and the tonoplast proton pumps under salt stress
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Plasma membrane; Polyamines; Proton pumps; Salt stress; TonoplastBSA, bovine serum albumin; BTP, bis-tris propane; FW, fresh weight; MES, 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid; PAs, polyamines; PM, plasma membrane; PUT, putrescine; SDS, dodecyl sulphate sod
The response of high and low polyamine-producing cell lines to aluminum and calcium stress
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Aluminum; Amino acids; Calcium; Glutathione; Mitochondrial activity; Phytochelatins; PolyaminesAl, Aluminum; γ-EC, γ-glutamyl-cysteine; GSH, Glutathione; HP, high putrescine; ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; PC2, phytochelatin; PA, polyamine; Put, Putrescine
Remodeling of tobacco thylakoids by over-expression of maize plastidial transglutaminase
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; PSII, photosystem II; RC, reaction center; LHCII, light-harvesting complex of PSII; Chl, chlorophyll; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; FV/FM, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII; DCMU, (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl1)-1,1-dimethylurea); PAs, polyam
Molecular cloning and expression analysis of an arginine decarboxylase gene from peach (Prunus persica)
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; ABA, abscisic acid; ADC, arginine decarboxylase; DAFB, days after full bloom; DIG, digoxigenin-dUTP; GSP, gene specific primer; FW, fresh weight; ORF, open reading frame; ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; Put, putrescine; RACE, rapid amplification of cDNA end
Salicylic acid improves acclimation to salt stress by stimulating abscisic aldehyde oxidase activity and abscisic acid accumulation, and increases Na+ content in leaves without toxicity symptoms in Solanum lycopersicum L.
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; AAO, abscisic aldehyde oxidase; AO, aldehyde oxidase; Chl, chlorophyll; IAld, indole-3-aldehyde; NAld, 1-naphthaldehyde; PA, polyamine; Put, putrescine; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SA, salicylic acid; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineAbscisic acid; Abscisi
Nitrate supply induces changes in polyamine content and ethylene production in wheat plants grown with ammonium
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Nitrate; Ammonium; Polyamines; Ethylene; WheatN, nitrogen; NH4+, ammonium; NO3−, nitrate; DW, dry weight; NA, nitrate-ammonium; PA, polyamine; PAs, polyamines; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; PCA, perchloric acid; SAM, S-adenosylmethionin
Polyamines content in plant derived food: A comparison between soybean and Jerusalem artichoke
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Dap, diaminopropane; Put, putrescine; Cad, cadaverine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; PCA, perchloric acidBiogenic amines; Glycine max; Helianthus tuberosus; Hydroxycinnamic acids; Polyamines; Soybean
S-methylmethionine reduces cell membrane damage in higher plants exposed to low-temperature stress
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Electrolyte leakage; Low-temperature stress; Polyamines; S-methylmethionineAgm, agmatine; EL, electrolyte leakage; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; MGBG, methylglyoxal-bis-guanyl hydrazone; Put, putrescine; rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid; S
Possible mechanism of the nitrate action regulating free-putrescine accumulation in ammonium fed plants
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; NH4+, ammonium; EC, electrical conductivity; N, nitrogen; NO3−, nitrate; NA, nitrate-ammonium; PA, polyamines; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; NCC-PAs, no-covalently conjugated polyamines; CC-PAs, covalently conjugated polyaminesPepper; W
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differentially affect the response to high zinc concentrations of two registered poplar clones
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Arbuscular mycorrhizae; Phytoremediation; Polyamines; Poplar; ZincAMF, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; DW, dry weight; NoMet, plants grown in soil unsupplemented with zinc; PA(s), polyamine(s); Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; TFL, transloca
Gene expression in potato during cold exposure: Changes in carbohydrate and polyamine metabolisms
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; ADC, arginine decarboxylase; PA, polyamine; Put, putrescine; SAMDC, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineCold exposure; Gene expression; Metabolites; Potato; Solanum phureja
Determination of biogenic amines in cheese using HPLC technique and direct derivatization of acid extract
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; DCl, dansyl chloride; TRYP, Tryptamine; 2-PHE, 2-phenylethylamine; PUT, putrescine; CAD, cadaverine; HIS, histamine; TYR, tyramine; SPD, spermidine; SPM, spermine; IS, internal standardCheese; Biogenic amine;
Spermidine and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius synergistically induce maturation of Scots pine embryogenic cultures
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Maturation; Pinus sylvestris; Pisolithus tinctorius; Polyamines; Somatic embryogenesisABA, abscisic acid; Cad, cadaverine; DCR, basal medium for conifer tissue culture; ECM, ectomycorrhizal; PA, polyamine; PEG, polyethylene glycol; Put, putrescine; Spd, s
Higher accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid induced by salt stress through stimulating the activity of diamine oxidases in Glycine max (L.) Merr. roots
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Diamine oxidases; GABA accumulation; Polyamine oxidation; Salt stress; SoybeanAG, aminoguanidine; Cad, cadaverine; DAO, diamine oxidases; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; GAD, glutamate decarboxylase; PA, polyamine; PAO, polyamine oxidase; Put, putrescine; Spd,
Salt stress impact on the molecular structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus—The protective role of polyamines
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Chl, chlorophyll; LHCII, light harvesting complex of PSII; PCV, packed cell volume; PS, photosystem; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, sperminePhotosynthetic apparatus; Polyamines; Salinity; Environmental stress; Chlorophyll fluorescence
Changes of free, soluble conjugated and bound polyamine titers of jojoba explants under sodium chloride salinity in vitro
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Explants; In vitro; Jojoba; Polyamines; Sodium chloride salinityBA, 6-benzylamino purine; PAs, polyamines; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine
Exogenous polyamines enhance copper tolerance of Nymphoides peltatum
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Copper tolerance; Nutrient elements; Nymphoides peltatum; Oxidative stress; PolyaminesAPX, ascorbate peroxidase; CAT, catalase; FW, fresh weight; GR, glutathione reductase; MDA, malondialdehyde; PAs, polyamines; Put, putrescine; ROS, reactive oxygen speci
Modulation of spermidine and spermine levels in maize seedlings subjected to long-term salt stress
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Abscisic acid; Polyamines; Salt stress; Zea maysABA, abscisic acid; ADC, arginine decarboxylase; ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; PAs, polyamines; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Pro, proline; Put, putrescine; RT–PCR, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain r
Molecular cloning and characterization of an arginine decarboxylase gene up-regulated by chilling stress in rice seedlings
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Arginine decarboxylase; cDNA cloning; Chilling stress; Putrescine biosynthesis; Rice seedlingsADC, Arginine decarboxylase; d-arg, d-Arginine; DFMO, α-difluoromethylornithine; PA, polyamine; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine
A polyamine- and LHCII protease activity-based mechanism regulates the plasticity and adaptation status of the photosynthetic apparatus
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Chl, chlorophyll; 1,4-DB, 1,4-diamino-2-butanone; LHCII, light harvesting complex of PSII; PCV, packed cell volume; PS I, photosystem I; PS II, photosystem II; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; CPs, core proteins of PS I and II (CPIa and CP
Effects of polyamines on the functionality of photosynthetic membrane in vivo and in vitro
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Chl, chlorophyll; DCMU, 3-(3′,4′-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; PS, photosystem; Put, Putrescine; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; PAs, polyamines; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching; FV/FM, maximum photosynthetic efficiency; FV = FM − F0, maxim
Clover and ryegrass are tolerant species to ammonium nutrition
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Ammonium; Hydraulic conductance; Nitrate; Nitrogen nutrition; PolyamineA, CO2 assimilation rate; DW, dry weight; Jv, sap flow; L0, hydraulic conductance; PA, polyamine; Put, putrescine; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermine; Ψw, water potential
Polyamine effects on the endogenous polyamine contents, nitric oxide release, growth and differentiation of embryogenic suspension cultures of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze.
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; FM, fresh matter; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; NO, nitric oxide; PA, polyamine; PEM, proembryogenic mass; Put, putrescine; SCV, sedimented cell volume; SNP, sodium nitroprusside; Spd, spermidine; Spm, spermineConifer; Nitric oxide; Somati
Shoot-applied polyamines suppress nodule formation in soybean (Glycine max)
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Brassinolide; Glycine max; Nodule; Polyamine; Super-nodulating mutantBL, Brassinolide; BR, Brassinosteroid; DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide; HR, Hypersensitive response; PA(s), Polyamine(s); PCA, Perchloric acid; Put, Putrescine; SAMDC, S-adenosylmethionine deca
Do exogenous polyamines have an impact on the response of a salt-sensitive rice cultivar to NaCl?
Keywords: بگذار بگذارم; Cyclohexylammonium; NaCl; Polyamines; Putrescine; Rice; SalinityADC, arginine decarboxylase; CHA, cyclohexylammonium; DW, dry weight; FW, fresh weight; MGBG, methylglyoxalbis-guanyl hydrazone; Ψs, osmotic potential; PAs, polyamines; Put, putrescine; Spd,