Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; DHEA, dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; NMDA, N-methyl-d-aspartate; GABAA, γ-aminobutyric acid type A; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; ADHD, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; NS, novelty seeking; HA, harm avoidance; RD, rew
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Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; VM, ventral mesencephalon; PD, Parkinson's disease; DA, Dopaminergic neurons; SNc, substantianigra pars compacta; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; DIV, day in vitroRotenone; Toxicity; Ventral mesencephalic neurons; Mature; Parkinson's disease; Curcumin
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; ACR, acrylamide; DA, dopamine; DOPAC, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; HVA, homovanilic acid; DAT, dopamine transporter; VMAT2, vesicular monoamine transporter 2; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; MAO, monoamine oxidase; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatograp
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PD, Parkinson’s disease; DA, dopamine; DOPAC, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; SNpc, substantia nigra pars compacta; GI, gastrointestinal; ENS, enteric nervous system; OB, olfactory bulb; AON, anterior olfactory nucleusParkinson’s dis
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; CHF, chronic heart failure; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VN, vagus nerve; VNS, vagal nerve stimulationCervical vagus nerves; Sympathetic nerves; Ganglion cells; Heart failure; Vagal nerve stimulation
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PD, Parkinson's disease; MEA, microelectrode array; GluOx, glutamate oxidase; AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineParkinson's; Cortical; Glutamate; MPTP; M
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; BAT, brown adipose tissue; IBAT, interscapular brown adipose tissue; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α; qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR; SGAs, second-generation antipsychotics; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; UCP1, unco
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; Vanadium; Olfactory system; Neurotoxicity; Non-motor symptoms; Risk assessment; Parkinson's diseaseV2O5, vanadium pentoxide; Mn, manganese; PD, Parkinson's disease; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; OB, olfactory bulb; DA, dopamine; DOPAC, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacet
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; immunohistochemical stains; pathology; pre-clinical; renal denervation; renal norepinephrine concentrationCGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; RDN, renal denervation; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; TTC, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; ANS, autonomic nervous system; CNS, central nervous system; DβH, dopamine β hydroxylase; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; SD, Sprague-Dawley; SHR, spontaneously hypertensive rats; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; WKY, Wistar-KyotoMicroglia; Iba1; Tyrosine hydroxy
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; AR, adrenergic receptor; ChT-1, choline transporter-1; IHT, intermittent hypoxia training; OR, opioid receptor; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VAChT, vesicular acetylcholine transporterAcetylcholine; Enkephalin; GM-1; Naltrindole;
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PD, Parkinson's disease; DA, dopamine; 6OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; dSTR, dorsal striatum; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; RT, room temperature; VR, variable ratio; VI, variable interval; FR, fixed ratio; S-R, stimulus-response; R-O, response-outcome; PBS, phospha
Emotional memory impairments induced by AAV-mediated overexpression of human α-synuclein in dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; AAV, adeno-associated virus; GFP, green fluorescent protein; PD, Parkinson’s disease; SN, substantia nigra; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VTA, ventral tegmental area; WT, wild-typeα-Synuclein; Ventral tegmental area; Adeno-associated viral vectors; Memory; Co
Neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in both in vivo and in vitro models of Parkinson's disease
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; Parkinson's disease; Neurodegeneration; Neuroprotection; Ginsenoside Rg1; Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathwayRg1, ginsenoside Rg1; PD, Parkinson's disease; SNpc, substantia nigra pars compacta; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahy
Chronic mild stress accelerates the progression of Parkinson's disease in A53T α-synuclein transgenic mice
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PD, Parkinson's disease; CMS, chronic mild stress; LB, Lewy body; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxy-dopamine; DA, dopamine; CORT, corticosterone; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; Iba-1, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1; SNpc, substantia nigra pars compacta; DOPAC, dih
A simple method for differentiation of H9 cells into neuroectoderm
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; ESC, embryonic stem cell; NE, neuroectoderm; RT-PCR, reverse transcription with polymerase chain reaction; IF, immunofluorescence; IB, immunoblotting; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; DA, dopaminergic; PD, Parkinson's disease; LCD, localized cell density; AA, as
Silibinin suppresses astroglial activation in a mouse model of acute Parkinson׳s disease by modulating the ERK and JNK signaling pathways
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; MPTP, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; PD, Parkinson׳s disease; MPP+, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine; TH, Tyrosine hydroxylase; GFAP, Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Iba-1, Ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1MPTP; Astrocyte; Parkinson׳s di
Characterization of nociceptive response to chemical, mechanical, and thermal stimuli in adolescent rats with neonatal dopamine depletion
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; ADHD, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; ANOVA, analysis of variance; Fos-ir, c-Fos-immunoreactivity; LC, locus coeruleus; MAP, methamphetamine; SN, substantia nigra; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VTA, ventral tegmental arean
Effects of tobacco smoke on PC12 cell neurodifferentiation are distinct from those of nicotine or benzo[a]pyrene
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BaP, benzo[a]pyrene; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; TSE, tobacco smoke extractBenzo[a]pyrene; Neurodifferentiation; Nicotine; PC12 cells; Tobacco smoke extract
Spironolactone decreases the somatic signs of opiate withdrawal by blocking the mineralocorticoid receptors (MR)
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; MR, mineralocorticoid receptor; HPA, hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenocortical; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; PVN, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus; NTS-A2, nucleus of the solitary tract-A2 noradrenergic cell groupMorphine dependence; Opiate withdrawal; Miner
Localization of ocular albinism-1 gene product GPR143 in the rat central nervous system
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; oa1, ocular albinism 1; DOPA, l-3,4-dihdroxyphenylalanine; AADC, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; GLAST, glutamate-aspartate transporter; GPCR, G-protein coupled receptorOA1; l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine; G-protein coupled re
Neuroprotection by 6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate in a 6-hydroxydopamine mouse model of Parkinson׳s disease
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; PD, Parkinson׳s disease; 6-MSITC, 6-(methylsulfinyl)hexyl isothiocyanate; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; SN, substantia nigra; STR, striatum; GSH, glutathione; ROS, reactive oxygen speciesParkinson׳s disease; 6-hydroxydopamine; Neuro
Alpha-synuclein interferes with cAMP/PKA-dependent upregulation of dopamine β-hydroxylase and is associated with abnormal adaptive responses to immobilization stress
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PD, Parkinson's disease; NErgic, norepinephrinergic; NE, norepinephrine; DBH, dopamine β-hydroxylase; LC, locus coeruleus; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; cAMP, cyclic AMP; CRE, cAMP response element; α-SYN, alpha-synuclein; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; ECL,
Heterozygous mutations in the FGF8, SHH and nodal/transforming growth factor beta pathways do not confer increased dopaminergic neuron vulnerability—A zebrafish study
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; fgf8, fibroblast growth factor 8; shh, sonic hedgehog; PD, Parkinson's disease; MPP+, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; WISH, whole-mount in situ hybridization; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; FWD,
Sympathetic nerve fibers and ganglia in canine cervical vagus nerves: Localization and quantitation
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; ChAT, cholineacetyltransferase; CVN, cervical vagus nerve; SGNA, stellate ganglion nerve activity; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VNA, vagal nerve activityCervical vagus nerves; Sympathetic nerves; Ganglion cells; Heart failure; Vagal nerve stimulation
Renal artery nerve distribution and density in the porcine model: biologic implications for the development of radiofrequency ablation therapies
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; BP, blood pressure; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; NBF, neutral buffered formalin; SNS, sympathetic nervous system; TH, Tyrosine hydroxylase
Stimulation of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 activity by DJ-1 in SH-SY5Y cells
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; DDC, L-DOPA decarboxylase; VMAT2, vesicular monoamine transporter 2; 3,4-DHP, 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanineDJ-1; VMAT2; Dopamine
The age-dependent change in Olfactory periglomerular neuronal populations is not affected by interrupting subventricular neuroblast migration in adult rats
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; OB, olfactory bulb; IR, immunoreactive; CalB, calbindin; CalR, calretinin; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; RMS, rostral migratory stream; SVZ, subventricular zone; BI, barrier implanted; GAD, glutamate descarboxylase; PB, phosphate bufferPeriglomerular neurons;
Amelioration of rotenone-induced dopaminergic cell death in the striatum by oxytocin treatment
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; OT, oxytocin; PD, Parkinson's disease; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; OTR, oxytocin receptors; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; SNc, substantia nigra pars compacta; VTA, ventral tegmental area; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphom
Impaired hepatic function and central dopaminergic denervation in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease: A self-perpetuating crosstalk?
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PD, Parkinson's disease; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; ROS, reactive oxygen species; ΔΨ, mitochondrial membrane potential; SNc, substantia nigra pars compacta; TH, Tyrosine Hydroxylase; DA, dopamine; DAT, dopamine transporter; ATP,
DA neurons derived from hES cells that express HLA-G1 are capable of immunosuppression
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; hES, human embryonic stem; HLA-G1, human leukocyte antigen-G1; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; TH, Tyrosine hydroxylase; SDIA, stromal-derived inducing activity; SHH, sonic hedgehog homolog; FGF8, fibroblast growth factor 8; DAPI, 4,6-diamid
Overexpression of TFAM, NRF-1 and myr-AKT protects the MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in neuronal cells
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; SDM, serum deficient media; CM, complete media; MPP+, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; SN, substantia nigra; ST, striatum; DN, dopaminergic neuron; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; CMAPS, cell-based mitochondri
Neurotransmitter segregation: Functional and plastic implications
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; NA, noradrenaline; ACh, acetylcholine; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; SCV, small clear vesicles; LDCV, large dense core vesicles; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VGLUTs, vesicular glutamate transporters; SPN, sympathetic preganglionic neurons; VAChT, vesicular acet
Irregular electrical activation of intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells increases catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; AF, atrial fibrillation; ICA, intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; DBH, dopamine beta-hydroxylase; SD, standard deviation; NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T-cellsICA cells; Irregular pacing; Tyrosine hydroxylase; Dopamine beta h
Effect of intermittent washout periods on progressive lesioning of the nigrostriatal pathway with 1-methyl-2-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; dopamine; progressive; MPTP; tyrosine hydroxylase; motor control; Parkinson's diseaseCPu, caudate putamen; DA, dopamine; FSR, free-standing rears; PD, Parkinson's disease; SNpc, substantia nigra pars compacta; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; TH-ir, TH-immunorea
Phosphorylation of the N-terminal portion of tyrosine hydroxylase triggers proteasomal digestion of the enzyme
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; hTH1, human TH type 1; TPH, tryptophan hydroxylase; pSer19-TH, pSer31-TH or pSer40-TH, TH protein phosphorylated at its Ser19, Ser31 or Ser40Tyrosine hydroxylase; Phosphorylation; Proteasomal digestion
Ability to delay neuropathological events associated with astrocytic MAO-B increase in a Parkinsonian mouse model: Implications for early intervention on disease progression
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; MAO-B, monoamine oxidase B; dox, doxycycline; PD, Parkinson's disease; SN, substantia nigra; CI, mitochondrial complex I; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; ST, striatum; ROS, reactive oxygen species; DR, dox removal; DA, dopaminergic; NDA, non dopaminergicMonoami
Axotomy induced changes in neuronal plasticity of sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG) neurons supplying descending colon in the pig
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; CPN, colon-projecting neurons; SChG, sympathetic chain ganglia; FB, fast blue; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; DβH, dopamine β hydroxylase; GAL, galanin; SOM, somatostatin; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide; LENK, leu5-enkephalin; ChAT, choline acetyltransfera
Dopamine release and molecular modeling study of some coumarin derivatives
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; PC12, pheochromocytoma; PKA, protein kinase A; CaMK II, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases II; L-DOPA, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; BuChE, butyrylcholinesterase; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; DA, dopamine; AMPH, amphetamine; P
Impairment of the tyrosine hydroxylase neuronal network in the orbitofrontal cortex of a genetically modified mouse model of schizophrenia
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; Animal model; Immunohistochemistry; Orbitofrontal cortex; Schizophrenia; 14-3-3 EpsilonKO, knockout; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; VTA, ventral tegmental area; LC, locus coeruleus
Constitutive Ret signaling is protective for dopaminergic cell bodies but not for axonal terminals
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; DA, dopamine; DOPAC, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; HVA, homovanilic acid; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; DAT, dopamine transporter; VMAT2, vesicular monoamine transporter 2; RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase; GDNF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor; MEN2B,
Transient oxygen–glucose deprivation causes immediate changes in redox activity in mouse brain tissue
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; OGD, oxygen–glucose deprivation; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; LGP, lateral globus pallidus; MGP, medial globus pallidus; SN, substantia nigra; SNc, substantia nigra compacta; SNr, substantia
Amantadine protects dopamine neurons by a dual action: Reducing activation of microglia and inducing expression of GNDF in astroglia
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; Parkinson’s disease; In vitro model; Neurodegenerative disease; Neuroinflammation; Neuroprotection; MPP+; LPSPD, Parkinson’s disease; DA, dopamine; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; NMDAr, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; GDNF, glial cell l
Dopaminergic neurotoxicant 6-OHDA induces oxidative damage through proteolytic activation of PKCδ in cell culture and animal models of Parkinson's disease
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; PD, Parkinson's disease; SN, substantia nigra; PKCδ, protein kinase C delta; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-3-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2
Protection of dichlorvos induced oxidative stress and nigrostriatal neuronal death by chronic Coenzyme Q10 pretreatment
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; SN, substantia nigra; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; PD, Parkinson's disease; SNpc, substantia nigra pars compacta; OP, organophosphate; CS, corpus striatumCoenzyme Q10; Parkinson's disease; Dichlorvos; Nigrostriatal neurodegenera
Cytokines inhibit norepinephrine transporter expression by decreasing Hand2
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; NE, norepinephrine; NET, norepinephrine transporter; DBH, dopamine-ß-hydroxylase; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; CNTF, ciliary neurotrophic factor; ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitationSympathetic neurons; Cytokines; Axotomy; Phox2a; Hand2; Gata3
Effects of treadmill exercise on behavioral recovery and neural changes in the substantia nigra and striatum of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; DA, dopamine; DAT, dopamine transporter; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; SN-PC, substantia nigra pars compacta; PRAC, parallel rod activity chamber; ANOVA, analysis of varianceTyrosine hydroxylase; Dopamine; D
Fluoxetine prevents MPTP-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting microglial activation
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; Parkinson’s disease; Fluoxetine; Microglial activation; Oxidative stress; NeuroinflammationDA neurons, dopaminergic neurons; PD, Parkinson’s disease; SN, substantia nigra; STR, striatum; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; iNOS, inducible NO synthase; ROS, reactive
PKCδ inhibition enhances tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in mice after methamphetamine treatment
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; MA, methamphetamine; PKC, protein kinase C; ASO, PKCδ antisense oligonucleotide; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; PKA, protein kinase A; i.c.v., intracerebroventricular; CaMK, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases; DA, dopamine; IR, immunoreactivity; MAPK, m
Morphological and functional alterations in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the Mecp2-null mouse
Keywords: TH، هیدروکسیلاز تیروزین; RTT, Rett syndrome; Mecp2, methyl-CpG binding protein 2; SNpc, substantia nigra pars compacta; Th, tyrosine hydroxylase; pSer40-Th, serine40-phosphorylated tyrosine hydroxylase; mDA, midbrain dopaminergic; Pitx3, paired-like homeobox gene 3; Vmat2, vesicu