
Cryopreservation increases DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa of smokers
Keywords: PBS, phosphate buffered saline; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TEM, transmission electron microscope; TUNEL, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling; WHO, World Health OrganizationSpermatozoa; Cryopreservation; Smoking; DNA fragmentation; Ultrastructure