
Keywords: تهویه غیر تهاجمی; NIV; noninvasive ventilation; ACCI; age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index; CCI; Charlson comorbidity index; COPD(e); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (exacerbation); ACPE; acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema; APACHE; Acute Physiology and Chronic Heal