Lichenometric dating and the nature of the excavation of the Huashan Grottoes, East China

► It's the first time that lichenometry was used in dating of architectures in China. ► Lichenometry was first used in East China with a warm-humid climate condition. ► The period of excavation of Huashan Grottoes have been determined to be 450-335 yr BP. ► The purpose of exploration is the tremendous demand for stone materials. ► The J2h quartzitic sandstone was the first optional stone materials source.