Characterization and analysis of wheat-like CdS nanostructures under temperature effect for solar cells applications

CdS nanostructures have grown by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method onto glass substrates. The morphological, structural, optical and electrical properties are investigated for CdS nanostructures synthesised at different temperatures; 65, 75, 85 and 95 °C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) has proved that polycrystalline structure is (002) orientation. Field-Effect Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) results have revealed smooth morphology with few cracks at low temperature. Homogeneous surface morphology includes large particles is emerged as temperature increases. The optical band gap was decreased from 3.59 to 3.0 eV as temperature increases. Photoluminescence spectra (PL) has shown the band gap shifts to longer wavelength as deposition temperature increases. Refractive index and optical dielectric constant are calculated using specific models. The transmittance shows temperature dependence. The conductivity was measured at the optimal temperature 95 °C.