Detection of early cartilage damage using targeted nanosomes in a post-traumatic osteoarthritis mouse model

Schematic diagram of antibody targeted nanosome binding onto damaged cartilage in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) mouse model. Shown in graphical abstract is a schematic diagram of our targeted nanosomes in a PTOA mouse model. Cupped loading cells engage the distal femur on top and the ankle below. A force of 9 N was applied sinusoidally at 0.07 Hz for 40 cycles. The targeted nanosome technology can simultaneously be used for the early detection of cartilage damage.214