Tumor vascular permeabilization using localized mild hyperthermia to improve macromolecule transport

Mild hyperthermia was employed to augment macromolecular extravasation up to 36 h after treatment. Hyperthermia-driven transport is illustrated on Figure 1, A in which mild heat is generated by near infrared laser irradiation aided by heat-absorbing gold nanorods. Effect on tumor transport was studied by intravital microscopy with images demonstrating increased macromolecular accumulation (fluorescent intensity) in tumors receiving heat treatment versus control (Figure 1, B). Mathematic modeling was further used to quantify enhancements which revealed that the rate of extravasation increased by 30% while the total macromolecule accumulation increased by 200% (Figure 1, C).399