Behavioral treatment for marijuana dependence: Randomized trial of contingency management and self-efficacy enhancement

► Marijuana is the most used drug in the US, and achieving abstinence is difficult. ► Contingency management and self-efficacy based treatments have been most effective. ► We sought to enhance self-efficacy by reinforcing completed treatment assignments. ► Results showed that a treatment reinforcing abstinence was slightly more effective. ► Analyses indicated that initial abstinence and self-efficacy best predicted outcome.