Positive affect dimensions and their association with inflammatory biomarkers in patients with chronic heart failure

► Positive affect constructs (GMS, HADS, PANAS) measure different dimension of positive affect. ► The association between positive affect and inflammatory biomarkers depends on the construct used. ► Positive affect is associated with lower averaged levels of sTNFr2, TNFα, IL-6 and hsCRP. ► Positive affect may thereby induce a health benefit in heart failure patients. ► One should be cautious when comparing study outcomes which used different types of positive affect.