Localization of function in anterior cingulate cortex: From psychosurgery to functional neuroimaging

► Review covers neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies of anterior cingulate cortex. ► Bilateral cingulotomy changes both emotional response and executive functioning. ► ACC modulates physically and cognitively challenging events. ► ACC modulates homestatically incongruous states. ► ACC encodes the pleasant/aversiveness of stimuli.